The ancient Silk Road has stretched for thousands of years and has become the common cultural memory of the peoples between China and Central Asia. People of China and Central Asia have exchanged views and learned from each other, together writing a magnificent chapter in the history of exchanges of human civilization.
The ancient cities of Tashkent, Samarkand, Bukhara and Khiva in Uzbekistan were once important nodes on the ancient Silk Road.A few days ago, under the opportunity of the Year of Culture and Art between China and the People of Central Asian Countries, our reporter was invited by the Embassy of Uzbekistan in China to conduct interviews in these cities. The interviewees said that the humanistic exchanges between Uzbekistan and China are taking a new step forward, and the friendship between the two peoples continues to deepen.
At the Samarkand Archaeological Institute, archaeologists from China and Uzbekistan are working together to organize and archive artifacts excavated from Rabat and other sites in Uzbekistan's Surkhandarya region. Since 2017 till now, the joint Chinese-Uzbek archaeological team has unearthed copper ware such as mirrors, hairpins, earrings and bracelets, pottery such as pots, bowls, jars and jugs, ironware such as swords, buckles and knives, as well as beads made of various materials, gold-foil ornaments, and other relics of the ancient Yuezhi culture in the relevant sites.
"The joint archaeological team unearthed a large number of valuable artifacts belonging to different historical periods. We will collect these artifacts in the museum after consummating their data and information." Alziev Komilyon, a professor at the Samarkand Institute of Archaeology, said the deepening of cultural exchanges and cooperation between Uzbekistan and China has brought back to the world the glorious history of the ancient city on the Silk Road.
Tirmez, the capital of Surkhandarya, is called the Tirmidh in The Great Tang Records on Western Regions. The ruins of Karatpahare situated near the Amu Darya River in Termez, and from the highest point of the ruins, one can see many caves and remnants of ancient buildings in the distance. Under the yellow sand, several pits have erected protective shelters. Hulamova Feruza, the relevant staff in charge of the cultural and tourism department of Tirmez, told reporters that joint archaeology has been launched in Tirmez, "We look forward to the archaeologists of the two countries playing to their respective strengths and achieving more fruitful results."
China insists on transcending the gap between civilizations through cultural exchanges, transcending the clash of civilizations through mutual understanding, and transcending the superiority of civilizations through cultural inclusiveness, and is actively building bridges between civilizations for mutual learning and mutual appreciation. Chinese archaeologists and scholars have engaged in in-depth exchanges and cooperation with their Uzbek counterparts, sharing ideas and experience in heritage conservation, and contributing to the restoration of the historical features of the Silk Road, the promotion of civilization inheritance and exchanges and mutual understanding, and the enhancement of friendship between the peoples of the two countries.
At the opening ceremony of the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, China announced that it would expand the number of joint laboratories established with other parties to 100 over the next five years. As an important part of this, the China-Central Asia Joint Laboratory for Humanity and the Environment on the Belt and Road (Samarkand) and the China-Uzbekistan International Joint Laboratory for Scientific and Technological Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Preservation were inaugurated in Uzbekistan not long ago to support greater progress in human resources cultivation, scientific research, and disciplinary construction between the two sides, The two laboratories were inaugurated in Uzbekistan, providing support for greater progress in human resources training, scientific research, discipline construction and mutual understanding of civilizations.
The former director of the Samarkand Institute of Archaeology, Mr. Amuruddin, said that under the framework of "One Belt, One Road", the two countries have attached unprecedented importance and support to archaeological cooperation. Uzbek archaeologists went to Chinese museums and other institutions to exchange and study, which is very beneficial to the promotion of the development of archaeology and anthropology in Uzbekistan. "We expect archaeologists of the two countries to work side by side to expand and deepen the archaeological cooperation, and continue to make contributions to the promotion of civilization exchanges and mutual understanding."
The ancient city of Khiva in Khwarezmia has a history of more than 2,000 years, and many architectural monuments from different periods of history remain in the city, attracting tourists from all over the world. In one corner of the old city there is a special signboard with directions in three languages: Uzbek, Chinese and Russian. The sign refers to the Amir Tura Institute and the HassanMurad Kushbegi Mosque, which were restored as a result of cooperation between the Chinese and Uzbek sides.
"In recent years, the ancient city of Khiva has become more and more beautiful, with more international tourists, and our business is getting better." Zamira, a craftsman in the ancient city square, said. Ruslan, who lives near the Amir Tula Sutra Institute, told reporters, "Chinese friends helped us together to restore the ancient buildings and surrounding roads of the ancient city of Khiva, and the ancient city has become more attractive now. I hope the Chinese friends involved in the restoration will come back to visit again sometime."
As an important cohesive place of Eastern and Western civilizations on the ancient Silk Road, different civilizations have collided and fused in Central Asia, giving this land a very distinctive history and culture. The project on the preservation and restoration of the historic monuments of the ancient city of Khiva, carried out in cooperation between China and Uzbekistan, and the joint preservation of the cultural heritage as a tangible carrier of civilization, have not only been widely recognized by the residents of the ancient city, but have also been highly praised by UNESCO.
In the process of restoring the ancient city, the Chinese side has always insisted on joint construction with the Uzbekistan side, so that the results of the cooperation are more in line with the needs of local development. Sharifa Kurbanova, the relevant head of the international relations department of Khwarezmia, said that the cooperation between the U.S. and China has restored the cultural relics and monuments to their original appearance, and also improved the infrastructure conditions of the ancient city of Khiva, "Khiva has a rich and unique cultural heritage, and we are cooperating with the Chinese tourism organizations to attract more tourists from China and the rest of the world and provide them with high-quality services. "
The world is a huge garden of civilizations, where a single flower does not blossom in spring, but a hundred flowers will. With the deepening of humanistic cooperation, Uzbekistan and China are jointly writing a new chapter of the Silk Road era, in which people know each other and civilizations learn from each other. In the view of Tursunali Kuziev, the first deputy director of the Cultural Heritage Agency of Uzbekistan, humanistic exchanges between the two countries have been strengthened through cooperation on historical monument protection and restoration projects, and "the two countries will realize win-win cooperation through mutual exchange."
The historic city of Bukhara is known as a "living fossil on the Silk Road". The Jacques Castle in the center of the city was once the palace of the rulers of the ancient Bukhara Khanate. In the castle, there is a collection of artifacts from China, which tells the story of the close connection between this place and China since ancient times.
"They bear witness to the history of friendly exchanges between Uzbekistan and China." Pointing to the artifacts in the museum window, Bobir, the relevant person in charge of the Jacques Castle Museum, told reporters that these Chinese porcelains, which came along the ancient Silk Road, are breathtakingly exquisite even today,often attracting tourists to stop and watch.
The Samarkand History Museum was built on the site of the ancient city of Afrasiab (present-day Samarkand), and the museum's main exhibition hall, the Hall of Ambassadors, displays frescoes unearthed from the site. The murals depict scenes of Emperor TangGaozong hunting and Wu Zetian in a dragon boat. "At first, we didn't know that the murals were related to China, but thanks to the research of experts we realized the story they tell." Samariddin Mustafokulov, director of the Samarkand History Museum, worked on the joint archaeological team of China and Uzbekistan. He Believes that the two countries, Uzbekistan and China, have realized complementary advantages in the field of humanistic exchanges, which is not only conducive to the improvement of the level of archaeological excavation, cultural relics collection and curatorial exhibition, but also will share the successful experience and join hands to promote the integrated development of culture and tourism.
This year, China and the countries concerned established the Silk Road Tourism Cities Alliance, adding another impetus to the promotion of exchanges and mutual understanding among civilizations. Uzbekistan's historic cities of Bukhara, Khiva and Khokand were among them, becoming founding member cities of the alliance. It is understood that Chinese signs are being added to tourist attractions and public places in Uzbekistan, and the Silk Road International University of Tourism and Cultural Heritage is working with China's Northwestern University and other universities to train more Chinese-speaking tour guides.
Vladimir Norov, former foreign minister of Uzbekistan and former secretary-general of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), believes that there is great potential for humanistic cooperation between Uzbekistan and China, and that the two sides will continue to raise the level of humanistic exchanges between the two countries through the cultivation of linguistic personnel and cooperation in culture and tourism.
Abdulhakimov, minister of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Climate Change of Uzbekistan said that in recent years, humanistic exchanges between Uzbekistan and China have established a good cooperation mechanism, and the two sides have continuously stepped up to a new level in jointly organizing cultural and artistic activities and deepening cooperation in tourism,etc., "We are looking forward to further promoting the cooperation between the two countries in culture and tourism, and to enhancing the contacts and exchanges between the people of the two countries."